DNA is associated with proteins and RNAs to form chromatin which regulates gene functions such as epigenetic regulation and transcription. Comprehensive understanding of chromatin and the mechanisms of such genome functions requires the identification of molecules that bind to the genomic regions of interest in vivo.

DNA sequence variants are known to be involved in the emergence of intractable diseases such as cancer. Various methods using PCR have been employed to detect the presence or absence of DNA mutations known to cause these diseases. However, conventional PCR-based methods have several limitations, such as sensitivity, cost, and ability to provide a definitive diagnosis.